2020年GMAT考试语文部分逻辑主要题型解析

小伙伴们，GMAT考试大家复习的怎么样了呢？下面是帮考网分享的一些GMAT考试语文部分的相关资料，一起来看看吧！

一.归纳题。

标志词：conclusion; inferred; implied; supported; if above true, then it is also true。(注：support不仅仅用于归纳法。举例来说，归纳法的表达应为：Which of the following are supported by the argument above?如果换个说法就可以变成加强题型的表述：Which of the following support the argument above?所以在解题的时候要格外小心。)

二.演绎题。

1.第一种文章：前提推结论型。

A.假设题：

标志词：assume; assumption; presuppose (特指对于前提的假设); additional premise; not true unless; depend on; rely on.

B.加强题：

标志词：support(注意和归纳题目的区分); strengthen, conclusion can be drawn if it were true that.

C.削弱题：

标志词：weaken; cast doubt; argue against; damage; counter; challenge; flaw; refute; jeopardize; criticism; undermine; drawback; reasoning error; weakness. (其中flaw，criticism，reasoning error和weakness属于名词性的削弱)。

D.评价题：

标志词：evaluate，appraisal(根据加强题做)。

评价题作为GMAT逻辑推理的题型之一，其考察的方向同假设题类似，主要针对段落推理中的隐含假设(条件)，通常评价题的考题思维分为两种：Yes和No, 如果答案为Yes，那么就可以说，这个Yes回答是对段落推理过程的一种支持。如果答案为No, 则情况恰恰相反。很多情形下，评价题只是要求考生针对推理成立的隐含条件(假设)来判定一个最优选项，因此做题的关键要看考生能否在段落推理中找到这个逻辑(隐含)假设。下面来看一个实例分析：

The United States is not usually thought of as a nation of parakeet lovers. Yet in a census of parakeet owners in selected comparable countries, the United States ranked second, with eleven parakeet owners per hundred people. The conclusion can be drawn from this that people in the United States are more likely to own parakeets than are people in most other countries.

Knowledge of which of the following would be most useful in judging the accuracy of the conclusion?

(A) The number of parakeets in the United States.

(B) The number of parakeet owners in the United States

(C) The number of parakeet owners per hundred people in the country that ranked first in the census

(D) The number of parakeet owners in the United States compared to the numbers of owners of other pet birds in the United States

(E) The number of parakeet owners per hundred people in the countries not included in the census.

明确题意以后，首先需要明确那里是本题的结论与前提，本题结论的前提为“美国每一百人中拥有长尾鹦鹉的人数在进行比较的国家中处于第二位，结论为：相比较而言，美国人更加喜欢饲养长尾鹦鹉。在由前提向结论的推理过程中，考生往往会忽略一点，即结论中的most other countries除包括“selected comparable countries”还应包括那些没有进行比较的国家，因此在判断结论是否正确以前，还必须知道那些没有参与过此调查的国家的状况是怎样的。所以E为正确选项。

2.第二种文章：因果结构。

文章内部标志词：A is due to B; A is attribute to B; A is result of B; blame B on/for A; B is responsible for

A; credit A to B.

问题中的标志词：explanation; interpretation; hypothesis。

3.第三种文章："变态结构"(表面上仍然是前提推出结论的结构，实质为因果结构，即结论是前提的解释)。此类文章没有与众不同的标志词，需要考生在实战时分析判断。

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